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Martin Moses * 1891

Großneumarkt 38 (vorm. Schlachterstraße) (Hamburg-Mitte, Neustadt)

HIER WOHNTE
MARTIN MOSES
JG. 1891
EINGEWIESEN 1940
HEILANSTALT LANGENHORN
"VERLEGT" 23.9.1940
BRANDENBURG
ERMORDET 23.9.1940
"AKTION T4"

further stumbling stones in Großneumarkt 38 (vorm. Schlachterstraße):
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Martin Moses, born on 9.7.1891 in Hamburg, murdered on 23.9.1940 in the Brandenburg at river Havel killing centre

Großneumarkt 38 (formerly Schlachterstraße 7/8), Hamburg-Neustadt

Martin Moses, born on July 9, 1891 in Hamburg, was the sixth of ten children of the Jewish couple Joseph Moses and Jenni, née Levi. Joseph Moses ran an inn until about 1886, after that he worked as a merchant. The family always lived in the Neustadt area of Hamburg, in the 2nd Elbstraße, in the Schlachterstraße and from 1892 until about 1904 in the street Bei den Hütten 109, last called Hütten 109.

Martin's siblings were named Max, born on June 28, 1884, Iwan, born on 4 Oct. 1888, Hanna, born on March 27, 1896, Salo, born on June 30, 1901. Five other children died as infants. Their father Joseph Moses died on Apr. 16, 1904 in the Israelite Hospital at the age of 54.

We know nothing about Martin Moses' childhood, school years, youth and any professional training. At the age of eighteen, he became a patient at the "Friedrichsberg Lunatic Asylum" ("Irrenanstalt Friedrichsberg”) in 1909/10. From there, Martin Moses came to the former Alsterdorf institutions (Alsterdorfer Anstalten) and was admitted a little later, in Sept. 1910, to the "Langenhorn Lunatic Asylum" ("Irrenanstalt Langenhorn").

In 1927, the Hanseatic cities of Lübeck and Hamburg had concluded an agreement according to which Hamburg was initially allowed to accommodate up to 300 patients in the Strecknitz asylum. In return, Lübeck got an interest-free loan for the construction of extension buildings. Martin Moses was one of the patients transferred to Strecknitz on the basis of this agreement. He left Langenhorn on Oct. 3, 1930 and remained in the Lübeck asylum until the "Euthanasia"-headquarters in Berlin, Tiergartenstraße 4, decided on a special action against Jews in public and private sanatoriums and nursing homes in the spring/summer of 1940. It had the Jewish people living in these institutions registered and brought them into so-called collection centers. The Hamburg-Langenhorn sanatorium and nursing home was designated as the Northern German collection center. All institutions in Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein and Mecklenburg were ordered to transfer the Jews living in their institutions to Langenhorn by Sept. 18, 1940.

Martin Moses arrived in Langenhorn on Sept. 16, 1940. On Sept 23, he was transported to Brandenburg at river Havel with another 135 patients from institutions in northern Germany. The transport reached the city in the Mark Brandenburg on the same day. In the part of the former penitentiary that had been converted into a gas killing facility, the patients were immediately herded into the gas chamber and murdered with carbon monoxide. Only one patient, Ilse Herta Zachmann, initially escaped this fate (see www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de).

It is not known whether and, if so, when relatives became aware of Martin Moses' death. In all documented notifications it was claimed that the person concerned had died in Chelm (Polish) or Cholm (German). On Martin Moses' birth register entry it was noted that the Chelm II registry office registered his death under number 457/1941. However, those people murdered in Brandenburg had never been in Chelm or Cholm, a town east of Lublin. The former Polish sanatorium did not exist there any longer, since SS units had murdered almost all the patients on Jan. 12, 1940. There also was no German registry office in Chelm. The invention of the registry office and the use of later than actual death dates served to disguise the murder and, at the same time, to be able to claim food costs for a longer period of time.

The fates of Martin's mother and his siblings have only been handed down in fragments. It is not certain whether Jenni Moses left Hamburg after the death of her husband. We also have no information about Hanna Moses. According to Max Moses' birth register entry he died in Mannheim on Dec. 8, 1951.

Iwan Moses had taken up the profession of a bookbinder. He married Luise Martha Kracht, born on Jan. 22, 1890 in Bielefeld on Oct. 27, 1910. The marriage remained childless and was divorced in July 1921. Iwan Moses entered into a second marriage with Rifka (Riwka) Grünberg. Two of their three children are said to have fled to England in time with one of the transports of children. Iwan and Rifka, as well as their third child Ruth, born on May 1, 1925, last lived at Grindelallee 116, where they received the order to be deported to Minsk on Nov 9, 1941. There are Stolpersteine for Iwan, Rifka and Ruth Moses at Grindelallee 116 (see www.hamburg-stolpersteine.de).

Salo Moses married Matilde Cohen, born on Oct. 24, 1903 in Hamburg. The couple had two daughters: Alice, born on March 12, 1926, and Edith, born on Sept. 6, 1932. The family emigrated to the Netherlands in June 1937. They first lived in The Hague and from January 1939 in Amsterdam. There Salo Moses worked as a representative and as a clerk in the office of the Jewish Councel (Joodse Raad).

On Sept. 3, 1942, the family was interned in camp Westerbork and from there deported to Auschwitz extermination camp on Sept. 4, 1942. Mathilde and Alice Moses were murdered there on Sept. 7, 1942, Salo Moses on March 31, 1944 and Edith on an unknown day. There are Stolpersteine for these four people at Grindelallee 129 in Hamburg-Rotherbaum (see www.hamburg-stolpersteine.de).

Translation by Elisabeth Wendland

Stand: August 2022
© Ingo Wille

Quellen: 1; 4; 5; 8; 9; AB; StaH 133-1 III Staatsarchiv III, 3171-2/4 U.A. 4, Liste psychisch kranker jüdischer Patientinnen und Patienten der psychiatrischen Anstalt Langenhorn, die aufgrund nationalsozialistischer "Euthanasie"-Maßnahmen ermordet wurden, zusammengestellt von Peter von Rönn, Hamburg (Projektgruppe zur Erforschung des Schicksals psychisch Kranker in Langenhorn); 135-1_I-IV Staatliche Pressestelle 3062 Strecknitz Vertrag, 314-15 Oberfinanzpräsident FVg 5554 Abraham Leers wegen Iwan Moses; 332-5 Standesämter 204 Sterberegister Nr. 1592/1886 Isidor Moses, 229 Sterberegister Nr. 3919/1887 Louis Moses, 274 Sterberegister Nr. 585/1890 Adolph Moses, 378 Sterberegister Nr. 860/1895 Hanna Moses, 535 Sterberegister Nr. 531/1904 Joseph Moses, 2080 Geburtsregister Nr. 3017/1884 Max Moses, 2104 Geburtsregister Nr. 3428/1885 Isidor Moses, 2152 Geburtsregister Nr. 2333/1887 Louis Moses, 2181 Geburtsregister Nr. 4755/1888 Iwan Moses, 2204 Geburtsregister Nr. 4784 Adolph Moses, 2258 Geburtsregister Nr. 3156/1891 Martin Moses, 2369 Geburtsregister Nr. 228/1895 Hanna Moses, 2401 Geburtsregister Nr. 1163 Hanna Moses, 2666 Heiratsregister Nr. 33/1884 Joseph Moses/Jenni Levy, 3173 Heiratsregister Nr. 635/1911 Iwan Moses/Luise Martha Kracht, 8778 Heiratsregister Nr. 130/1923 Iwan Moses, Rifka Becky Grünberg, 8798 Heiratsregister Nr. 147/1925 Salo Moses/Matilde Cohen, 13560 Geburtsregister Nr. 1756/1901 Salo Moses, 13715 Geburtsregister Nr. 3052 James Moses, 14010 Geburtsregister Nr. 2756/1903 Matilde Cohen; 332-8 Meldewesen (Alte Einwohnermeldekartei 1892–1925); 351-11 Amt für Wiedergutmachung 38212 Lotte Degner nach Salo Moses; 311-3_I Finanzbehörde I Abl. 1959_302-1-8_106 Strecknitz Vertrag; UKE/IGEM, Archiv, Patienten-Karteikarte Martin Moses der Staatskrankenanstalt Friedrichsberg; Kamp Westerbork, Archiv, Auskunft per email von José Martin zur Familie von Salo Moses vom 8. 8. 2016; JSHD Forschungsgruppe "Juden in Schleswig-Holstein", Datenpool Erich Koch, Schleswig.
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