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Elsa Hamburger (née Vogel) * 1917

Großneumarkt 38 (vorm. Schlachterstraße) (Hamburg-Mitte, Neustadt)

1941 Minsk
ermordet

further stumbling stones in Großneumarkt 38 (vorm. Schlachterstraße):
Hanna Aghitstein, Julie Baruch, Ludwig Louis Baruch, Julius Blogg, Rebecca Blogg, Kurt Cossmann, Mathilde Cossmann, Frieda Dannenberg, Alice Graff, Leopold Graff, Flora Halberstadt, Herbert Hamburger, Louis Hecker, Max Hecker, Marianne Minna Hecker, Lea Heymann, Alfred Heymann, Wilma Heymann, Paul Heymann, Jettchen Kahn, Adolf Kahn, Curt Koppel, Johanna Koppel, Hannchen Liepmann, Henriette Liepmann, Bernhard Liepmann, Johanna Löwe, Martin Moses, Beate Ruben, Flora Samuel, Karl Schack, Minna Schack, Werner Sochaczewski, Margot Sochazewski, verh. Darvill, Sophie Vogel, Sara Vogel

Sara Vogel, née Beer, b. 4.1.1885 in Hamburg, deported to Minsk on 11.18.1941
Sophie Vogel, b. 1.15.1916 in Hamburg, deported to Minsk on 11.18.1941
Elsa Hamburger, née Vogel, b. 5.15.1917 in Hamburg, deported to Minsk on 11.8.1941
Herbert Hamburger, b. 12.16.1916 in Hamburg, deported to Minsk on 11.8.1941

Großneumarkt 38 (Schlachterstraße 46-47)

The widow Sara Vogel and her daughters, Sophie and Elsa, lived in modest circumstances at Schlacterstrasse 46-47, a street that no longer exists. They lived rent-free in the Jewish Lazarus Gumpel Foundation.

Sara Vogel was born in the Hamburg New City. Her parents, the butcher Moritz Beer (b. 7.7.1850, d. 12.16.1910) and Mathilde, née Sussmann (b. 4.3.1858 in Elmshorn, d. 7.24.1931) had lived in the Gängeviertel Breitergang, Courtyard 8, House 11. After Sara there came another eight children.

On 20 May 1912, Sara Beer had married the considerably older Israel Vogel (b. 7.23.1867). The son of the dealer, Levy Vogel and Sophie, née Finkenberg (see the biography of Rosa Vogel and the commemorative stones in Hamburg-Eimsbüttel in Hamburg-Hoheluft-West vor Flora Vogel). Israel was a trained shoemaker; however, he ran a coal dealership at the rear dwelling on Koopstrasse 28 in Eimsbüttel. At the time of her wedding, Sara lived with her widowed mother Mathilde at the nearby Kielortallee 22, in the Oppenheimer Foundation.

In 1914, the couple moved into the Jewish Lazarus Gumpel Foundation. Israel Vogel worked as a furniture mover, as a carter, and was later, during the world economic crisis, sporadically employed as a stevedore on the Hamburg docks. After the birth of their two children in 1916 and 1917, the couple received a childcare allowance from the Haller Institute. On 11 December 1924, Israel Vogel died, after a "long serious illness,” in the Israelite Hospital. On her own, Sara Vogel brought up her two daughters, Elsa and Sophie, seven and eight years old, under the most difficult conditions. The monthly pension of RM 20.40 did not suffice. Moreover, Sara Vogel struggled with health problems. A "housemaid” and a neighbor occasionally helped with care of the children.

In order to supplement the welfare aid, Sara Vogel occasionally earned something by sewing garments for the Simon Burial Clothing company. Sophie and Elsa attended the Israelite Girls’ School on Carolinenstrasse; they were described as good and diligent students. In order to give their mother the necessary peace and quite after a stay in the hospital, the sisters outfitted their own bedroom in a vacant fourth-floor garret room. Sophie harbored the wish, after completion of her studies, to become a druggist. Elsa would have been happy to begin training as a tailor. Neither could realize their professional plans. Initially, they attended the vocational school for girls at Brennerstrasse 7, in the St. Georg quarter. For a time they worked as household help and in childcare; they were also workers in various factories and businesses. Sophie was employed by the firm Alois Weiss, Importer of Chinese and Japanese wares and Fabricator of wicker and rattan furniture, at Mühlenstrasse 16-18 (today, a part of Gerstäckerstrasse); later she worked in a chocolate factory in the Caffamacherreihe. In 1940, she was at the Kähler Fish Canning Factory, probably already as a forced laborer. Her sister Elsa worked as a labeler in the Wellmann firm and as a uniform maker in a tailoring shop, presumably producing coats for the German military, and likely also as a forced laborer.

Elsa Vogel got to know Herbert Hamburger, a man almost her age, and they married on 10 November 1939. Herbert’s mother, Franziska Hamburger (b. 6.1.1891) grew up an orphan. Her parents, the lottery collector Julius Hamburger and Helene Hamburger, née Lichtenheim, both died quite young, in 1897 and 1892 respectively. When Franziska Hamburger had her sons Herbert, on 16 December 1916, and Siegmund, on 22 November 1918, she was unmarried. Only a year later, on 31 December 1930, in Cologne-Holweide, did she marry the foreman Johann Kühne; they lived in Delbrück quarter of Cologne. (For Franziska Kühne a commemorative stone was laid at Bergisch-Gladbacher-Strasse 1003 in Cologne. When she was deported and where she died is unknown, as is the fate of her youngest son Siegmund Hamburger.)

In 1935, Herbert Hamburger had completed painter‘s apprenticeship in Idstein im Taunus, north of Wiesbaden. After returning to Hamburg, he lived as a sub-lessee in the Grindel quarter at Strasse Rutschbahn 31 and at Bornstrasse 71. During the night of the November Pogrom, 9-10 November 1938, he briefly landed in jail, along with numerous other Jewish men. According to an entry on his Communal Religion Tax record, he afterwards worked in the "Automatic Matzo Factory” of Leopold Katz at Neumann-Reichardt Strasse 29-33 in Hamburg-Wandsbek, where the unleavened bread for the Passover holiday was produced (until 1934, the factory was located at Strasse Kohlhöfen 19-20).

Elsa and Herbert Hamburger received their deportation orders at Wilhelminenstrasse 24 (renamed Hein-Hoyer-Strasse in 1940), where they were sub-lessees of Liebreich. On 18 November 1941, they were deported to the Minsk ghetto. On the second transport, ten days later, Sara Vogel and her daughter Sophie followed. Whether they met once more in the Minsk ghetto is not known, so, too, their death dates.

After her deportation, Sara Vogel’s goods were auctioned off by the Landjunk Auction House for a net gain of RM 193.15, which went to the good of the German Reich.

On 25 October 1941, Sara’s brother Eduard Beer (b. 10.10.1893) was sent with his wife Anna Frieda/Chana, née Sambor (b. 12.28.1893 in Warsaw), and five of their seven children, Moritz Wilhelm (b. 1.8.1922), Martin (b. 12.8.1924), Frieda (b. 1.24.1926), Lotte (b. 7.4.1927), and Siegfried (b. 12.13.1929) to the Lodz (Litzmannstadt) ghetto. Moritz Wilhelm was the sole survivor.

His sister Ruth was able to join a group that emigrated to Palestine in 1939.

Her half-sister Ilse Sambor (b. 4.16.1919) had already been forced out of Germany in October 1938 to Zbaszyn (Bentschen) in the Polish border region, as part of the "Poland Action.” Her ultimate fate is unknown.

A commemorative stone dedicated to the Beer family, murdered in the Chelmno (Kulmhof) extermination camp, lies at Bartelsstrasse 72 (see Stolpersteine in Hamburg-Eimsbüttel and Hamburg-Hoheluft-West).

Another brother, Otto Beer (b. 4.7.1900) lived as a sub-lessee at Poolstrasse 6. On 21 October 1937, he had married the saleswoman Paula Wolff (b. 1.14.1893 in Celle). They moved into a shared apartment at Kleinen Schäferkamp 33. Otto Beer worked at the Teppich-Juster firm at Ellerntorbrücke 5. As a result of the firm’s "Aryanization,” he was let go in 1938. In May 1939, he fled with a "visitor’s visa” to Belgium, because he feared being arrested by the Hamburg Gestapo. On 10 May 1940, Otto Beer was arrested in Antwerp and via the French internment camps of Gurs and Drancy deported to Auschwitz on 9 September 1942.

Paula Beer, in an attempt to follow her husband to France, was detained by the German Field Police at the Belgian-French demarcation line on 4 May 1941. She passed through the camps at Riversaltes and Perpignan. In Lanes, in May 1945, she was liberated. Paula Beer emigrated in April 1946 to her sister Johanna Comfort in England. (Her father, Michael Wolff (b. 3.11.1854) was deported from Sedanstrasse 23 to Theresienstadt; she was murdered in Treblinka on 21 September 1942.)

Her sisters, Elsa Gruber, née Beer (b. 2.12.1891, d. 1.31.1972), and Regina Dillitzer, née Beer (b. 2.13.1888, d. 10.26.1946), survived, protected by their mixed marriages.

Julchen Beer (b. 2.6.1897) emigrated in February 1929 to the USA and survived the Holocaust. Her oldest brother, the carter Wilhelm Beer (b. 9.19.1886), died in the First World War in 1918.

Translator: Richard Levy
Kindly supported by the Hermann Reemtsma Stiftung, Hamburg.

Stand: June 2020
© Susanne Rosendahl

Quellen: 1; 4; 5; StaH 351-11 AfW 7661 (Vogel, Sara); StaH 351-11 AfW 23109 und 15160 (Beer, Paula); StaH 351-11 AfW 4974 (Dillitzer, Jacob); StaH 351-11 AfW 23110 (Gruber, Elsa); StaH 314-15 OFP FVg 9548 (Beer, Otto); StaH 351-14 Arbeits- und Sozialfürsorge 1967 (Vogel, Sara); 351-14 Arbeits- und Sozialfürsorge 943 (Beer, Eduard); StaH 314-15 Abl. 1998 V 84; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 2101 u 1713/1885; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 2173 u 832/1888; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 2253 u 863/1891; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 9087 u 1681/1893; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 9136 u 344/1897; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 13403 u 1036/1900; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 8005 u 920/1910; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 8685 u 444/1912; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 975 u 1330/1931; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 1261 u 1178/1946; StaH 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinde Nr. 992 e 2 Band 1; StaH 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinde Nr. 992 e 2 Band 2; StaH 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinde Nr. 992 e 2 Band 3; StaH 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinde Nr. 992 e 2 Band 4; http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/w/index.php?title=Datei%3AKoeln-AB-1930-1.djvu&page=611 (Zugriff 4.10.2016); https://museenkoeln.de/NS-DOKUMENTATIONSZENTRUM/default.aspx?s=2523&sfrom=1198&stid=1460&dep=unbekannt (Zugriff 4.10.2016).
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